Wednesday, January 21, 2015

Inventions and Innovations of Chicago

Chicago has been named the city of the century and why not? After all the developments of this great city it deserved something like this. Invention is the creation of something new but what really matters for economic growth is innovation, the act through which the new inventions are successfully introduced. At first something has to be invented but over time it has to be modified to get the best value out of the invention. Chicago is famous for many inventions and also innovations.

The first known reference to the site of the current city of Chicago was “Checagou” since a wild garlic, called “chicagoua” grew abundantly in the area. The area was first inhabited by Native American s then the first permanent settler in Chicago arrived who was Jean Baptiste Point du Sable, an African and European descent. He is known as the “Founder of Chicago”

Chicago was incorporated as a city in 1837 and experienced rapid growth in the mid-nineteenth century to become the fastest growing city in the world for several decades. Due to the site of Chicago it became an important transportation hub between the eastern and western United States. Chicago’s first railway, Galena and Chicago Union Railroad, opened in 1848, which also opened the Illinois and Michigan Canal. The canal allowed ships and boats on the Great Lakes to connect to the Mississippi River.
                                                     
                                             Map of Illinois-Michigan Canal

The growing economy brought residents and immigrants from abroad and manufacturing, retail and finance sectors became dominant which influenced the American economy. The Chicago Board of Trade which was established in 1848 became the first ever standardized “exchange traded” forward contracts, which were called future contracts. This concept was first introduced here and this was one of the many firsts.

The Chicago River divided the city into three parts which made the “Chicagoans” to become leading innovators in bridge technology. The first bridge was constructed in 1832 but it was a fixed span so it had some problems. Later the engineers came up with the idea based on a seesaw principle which was an ideal solution to Chicago’s bridge problems. The Tower Bridge in London was built on the same principle and the seesaw principle became “Chicago style.”

In 1830s Augustine Taylor came up with the “balloon-frame” structure for buildings. Today most buildings are based on this same structure. Chicago is called the home of architectural giants and greats. The Home Insurance Building built in 1885 is considered the world’s first skyscraper standing 138 feet tall. Sears tower is currently the tallest building standing at 1451 feet.

                                                              First Skyscraper
                                    https://www.flickr.com/photos/drs2/2802847136/

Refrigeration was a critical innovation which transformed livestock business and changed meatpacking from a local business to a national business operating all around the year. The meatpacking business was really popular in Chicago and was the meatpacking center of the country, and acknowledged headquarters of the Industry.

Chicago firms were innovators in the emergence of the electronics industry and extension of electric power. Chicago’s urban transportation system introduced electric trolley cars and Essanay Studios, which made motion pictures in Chicago before the film industry moved to Hollywood.



The first McDonalds franchise, the first ferris wheel, first deep dish pizza, first vacuum cleaner, first electronic dishwasher, first softball game, the first open heart surgery and some other firsts were done in Chicago. The city is still developing and getting better and better.

                                                            This is how the city looks now
                  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago#mediaviewer/File:Chicago_sunrise_1.jpg

No comments:

Post a Comment